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C. Kaseß, T. Maly, P. Majdak, H. Waubke:
"The Effect of Noise Reduction Measures on the Perception of Railway Noise";
in: "Proceedings of INTER-NOISE 2015 / The 2015 International Congress ans Exposition on Noise Control Engineering", C. Burroughs, G. Maling (Hrg.); The Institute of Noise Control Engineering of the USA, Inc., Washington, DC, Washington, DC, 2015, S. 1 - 9.

The A-weighted sound pressure level is a commonly used quantity to assess the effect of noise reduction measures. However, psychoacoustic variables, in particular loudness, are assumed to better explain perceived annoyance. In this study, the relation between annoyance, the A-weighted sound pressure level, and psychoacoustic parameters was investigated for railway noise subject to different noise reduction measures. Representative sound samples for cargo and passenger trains were selected from pass-by measurements
with an artificial head at 25 meters. The spectral mitigations caused by a 4-meter noise barrier and a 1-meter noise barrier were calculated using the 2.5D boundary element method and the sound samples were spectrally modified. Further, the spectral modification
for rail dampers was derived from measurements. A free magnitude estimation of perceived annoyance was performed by 40 listeners for different noise reduction measures and at A-weighted equivalent level varying from 40 to 80 dB(A). Results show that in contrast to the A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level the loudness level describes annoyance independent of the noise reduction measure. Further, results on just-noticeable-differences in annoyance for different reference levels indicate that at lower reference levels larger level changes are required for a perceived change of annoyance.

Psychoakustik, Lärmschutzmaßnahmen, Bahnlärm